Pink Eye Virus (Conjunctivitis)

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Pink Eye Virus (Conjunctivitis) in Pakistan



Overview: Pink eye, also known as conjunctivitis, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin membrane covering the eye. It can be caused by viral or bacterial infections, or allergies. In Pakistan, the viral form of conjunctivitis is particularly common due to seasonal changes, crowded living conditions, and shared public spaces.

Types of Conjunctivitis:

  1. Viral Conjunctivitis: Caused by viruses like adenoviruses. It’s highly contagious and spreads through direct contact.
  2. Bacterial Conjunctivitis: Caused by bacteria like Staphylococcus or Streptococcus. It can cause severe symptoms but is treatable with antibiotics.
  3. Allergic Conjunctivitis: Triggered by allergens like pollen, dust, or animal dander.

Symptoms:

  • Red or pink appearance in the white part of the eye
  • Swollen conjunctiva
  • Itchy or burning sensation
  • Watery discharge (clear for viral, yellow/green for bacterial)
  • Sensitivity to light
  • Gritty feeling in the eyes

Transmission:

  • Direct contact with an infected person or contaminated surfaces
  • Shared towels, makeup, or eye drops
  • Viral forms can spread through respiratory droplets

Treatment:

1. Viral Conjunctivitis:

  • No specific antiviral treatment; it usually resolves on its own within 1–2 weeks.
  • Supportive care:
    • Cold compress to reduce swelling and irritation.
    • Artificial tears to soothe the eyes.
    • Avoiding touching or rubbing the eyes to prevent further irritation or spread.
    • Maintaining good hygiene (washing hands regularly, using clean towels).
    • Disposing of tissues used to wipe the eyes.

2. Bacterial Conjunctivitis:

  • Antibiotic eye drops or ointments prescribed by a healthcare provider.
  • Improvement usually occurs within 1–2 days of starting treatment.

3. Allergic Conjunctivitis:

  • Antihistamine eye drops to reduce allergic reactions.
  • Avoidance of allergens (dust, pollen).
  • Use of cold compress for symptomatic relief.

Prevention:

  • Avoid touching or rubbing your eyes.
  • Wash hands frequently.
  • Do not share personal items (e.g., towels, makeup).
  • Clean contact lenses properly.
  • Keep surfaces like doorknobs, countertops, and shared devices sanitized.

When to See a Doctor:

  • Severe pain in the eye.
  • Vision problems.
  • Intense redness that doesn’t subside.
  • Symptoms persisting for more than a week.
  • Yellow or green discharge indicating possible bacterial infection.

Conclusion:

Conjunctivitis is a common but often mild eye condition. While it is uncomfortable, it’s rarely dangerous if treated promptly. In Pakistan, viral conjunctivitis tends to spike during seasonal changes, so maintaining hygiene and avoiding contact with infected individuals are key preventive measures. For bacterial infections, antibiotic treatment is effective and should be used under medical supervision

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